Formatting Types

Public Class Automobile
End Class

Module Example
   Public Sub Demo(outputBlock As System.Windows.Controls.TextBlock)
      Dim auto As New Automobile()
      outputBlock.Text += auto.ToString() + vbCrLf
   End Sub
End Module
' This example displays the following output:
'     SilverlightApplication.Automobile

using System;

class Automobile {}

public class Example
{
   public static void Demo(System.Windows.Controls.TextBlock outputBlock)
   {
      Automobile auto = new Automobile();
      outputBlock.Text += auto.ToString() + "\n";
   }
}
// This example displays the following output:
//     Automobile

Public Class Temperature
   Private m_Temp As Decimal

   Public Sub New(temperature As Decimal)
      Me.m_Temp = temperature
   End Sub

   Public Overrides Function ToString() As String
      Return m_Temp.ToString("N2") & " °C"
   End Function
End Class

Module Example
   Public Sub Demo(outputBlock As System.Windows.Controls.TextBlock)
      Dim temp1 As New Temperature(0d)
      outputBlock.Text += temp1.ToString() + vbCrLf
      Dim temp2 As New Temperature(-40d)
      outputBlock.Text += temp2.ToString() + vbCrLf
      Dim temp3 As New Temperature(16d)
      outputBlock.Text += temp3.ToString() + vbCrLf
   End Sub
End Module
' The example displays the following output:
'       0.00 °C
'       -40.00 °C
'       16.00 °C

using System;

public class Temperature
{
   private decimal m_Temp;

   public Temperature(decimal temperature)
   {
      this.m_Temp = temperature;
   }

   public override string ToString()
   {
      return m_Temp.ToString("N2") + " °C";
   }
}

public class Example
{
   public static void Demo(System.Windows.Controls.TextBlock outputBlock)
   {
      Temperature temp1 = new Temperature(0);
      outputBlock.Text += temp1.ToString() + "\n";
      Temperature temp2 = new Temperature(-40);
      outputBlock.Text += temp2.ToString() + "\n";
      Temperature temp3 = new Temperature(16);
      outputBlock.Text += temp3.ToString() + "\n";
   }
}
// The example displays the following output:
//       0.00 °C
//       -40.00 °C
//       16.00 °C

Imports System.Globalization

Public Module Example
   Public Sub Demo(outputBlock As System.Windows.Controls.TextBlock)
      Dim value As Decimal = 1603.42d
      outputBlock.Text += value.ToString("C3", New CultureInfo("en-US")) + vbCrLf
      outputBlock.Text += value.ToString("C3", New CultureInfo("fr-FR")) + vbCrLf
      outputBlock.Text += value.ToString("C3", New CultureInfo("de-DE")) + vbCrLf
   End Sub
End Module
' The example displays the following output:
'       $1,603.420
'       1 603,420 €
'       1.603,420 €

using System;
using System.Globalization;

public class Example
{
   public static void Demo(System.Windows.Controls.TextBlock outputBlock)
   {
      decimal value = 1603.42m;
      outputBlock.Text += value.ToString("C3", new CultureInfo("en-US")) + "\n";
      outputBlock.Text += value.ToString("C3", new CultureInfo("fr-FR")) + "\n";
      outputBlock.Text += value.ToString("C3", new CultureInfo("de-DE")) + "\n";
   }
}
// The example displays the following output:
//       $1,603.420
//       1 603,420 €
//       1.603,420 €

Imports System.Globalization

Public Class Temperature : Implements IFormattable
   Private m_Temp As Decimal

   Public Sub New(temperature As Decimal)
      Me.m_Temp = temperature
   End Sub

   Public ReadOnly Property Celsius() As Decimal
      Get
         Return Me.m_Temp
      End Get   
   End Property

   Public ReadOnly Property Kelvin() As Decimal
      Get
         Return Me.m_Temp + 273.15d   
      End Get
   End Property

   Public ReadOnly Property Fahrenheit() As Decimal
      Get
         Return Math.Round(CDec(Me.m_Temp * 9 / 5 + 32), 2)
      End Get      
   End Property

   Public Overrides Function ToString() As String
      Return Me.ToString("G", Nothing)
   End Function

   Public Overloads Function ToString(format As String) As String
      Return Me.ToString(format, Nothing)
   End Function

   Public Overloads Function ToString(format As String, provider As IFormatProvider) As String _  
         Implements IFormattable.ToString

      ' Handle null or empty arguments.
      If Not String.IsNullOrEmpty(format) Then format = format.Trim()
      If String.IsNullOrEmpty(format) Then format = "C"
      If provider Is Nothing Then provider = NumberFormatInfo.CurrentInfo

      ' Convert temperature to Fahrenheit and return string.
      Select Case format.ToUpper()
         Case "F"
            Return Me.Fahrenheit.ToString("N2", provider) & " °F"
         ' Convert temperature to Kelvin and return string.
         Case "K"
            Return Me.Kelvin.ToString("N2", provider) & " K"
         ' Return temperature in Celsius.
         Case "C", "G"
            Return Me.Celsius.ToString("N2", provider) & " °C"
         Case Else
            Throw New FormatException(String.Format("The '{0}' format string is not supported.", format))
      End Select      
   End Function
End Class

Public Module Example
   Public Sub Demo(outputBlock As System.Windows.Controls.TextBlock)
      Dim temp1 As New Temperature(22d)
      outputBlock.Text += temp1.ToString("G") + vbCrLf
      outputBlock.Text += Convert.ToString(temp1) + vbCrLf
      outputBlock.Text += Convert.ToString(temp1, Nothing) + vbCrLf
   End Sub
End Module
' The example displays the following output:
'       22.00 °C
'       22.00 °C
'       22.00 °C

using System;
using System.Globalization;

public class Temperature : IFormattable
{
   private decimal m_Temp;

   public Temperature(decimal temperature) {
      this.m_Temp = temperature;
   }

   public decimal Celsius {
      get { return this.m_Temp; }
   }

   public decimal Kelvin {
      get  { return this.m_Temp + 273.15m; }   
   }

   public decimal Fahrenheit {
      get { return Math.Round((decimal)this.m_Temp * 9 / 5 + 32, 2); }
   }

   public override string ToString()
   {
      return this.ToString("G", null);
   }

   public string ToString(string format)
   {
      return this.ToString(format, null);
   }

   public string ToString(string format, IFormatProvider provider)
   {     
      // Handle null or empty string.
      if (! String.IsNullOrEmpty(format))
         format = format.Trim();
      if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(format))
         format = "C"; 
      if (provider == null)
         provider = NumberFormatInfo.CurrentInfo;   

      switch (format.ToUpper())
      {
         // Convert temperature to Fahrenheit and return string.
         case "F":
            return this.Fahrenheit.ToString("N2", provider) + " °F";
         // Convert temperature to Kelvin and return string.
         case "K":
            return this.Kelvin.ToString("N2", provider) + " K";
         // Return temperature in Celsius.
         case "C":
         case "G":
            return this.Celsius.ToString("N2", provider) + " °C";
         default:
            throw new FormatException(String.Format("The '{0}' format string is not supported.", format));
      }      
   }
}

public class Example
{
   public static void Demo(System.Windows.Controls.TextBlock outputBlock)
   {
      Temperature temp1 = new Temperature(22m);
      outputBlock.Text += temp1.ToString("G") + "\n";
      outputBlock.Text += Convert.ToString(temp1) + "\n";
      outputBlock.Text += Convert.ToString(temp1, null) + "\n";
   }
}
// The example displays the following output:
//       22.00 °C
//       22.00 °C
//       22.00 °C

Public Class ByteByByteFormatter : Implements IFormatProvider, ICustomFormatter
   Public Function GetFormat(formatType As Type) As Object _
                   Implements IFormatProvider.GetFormat
      If formatType Is GetType(ICustomFormatter) Then
         Return Me
      Else
         Return Nothing
      End If
   End Function

   Public Function Format(fmt As String, arg As Object, _
                          formatProvider As IFormatProvider) As String _
                          Implements ICustomFormatter.Format
      ' Handle only hexadecimal format string.
      If Not fmt.StartsWith("X") Then Return Nothing

      ' Handle only integral types.
      If Not typeof arg Is Byte AndAlso _
         Not typeof arg Is Int16 AndAlso _
         Not typeof arg Is Int32 AndAlso _
         Not typeof arg Is Int64 AndAlso _
         Not typeof arg Is SByte AndAlso _
         Not typeof arg Is UInt16 AndAlso _
         Not typeof arg Is UInt32 AndAlso _
         Not typeof arg Is UInt64 Then _
            Return Nothing

      Dim bytes() As Byte = BitConverter.GetBytes(arg)
      Dim output As String = Nothing

      For ctr As Integer = bytes.Length - 1 To 0 Step -1
         output += String.Format("{0:X2} ", bytes(ctr))   
      Next

      Return output.Trim()
   End Function
End Class

public class ByteByByteFormatter : IFormatProvider, ICustomFormatter
{
   public object GetFormat(Type formatType)
   { 
      if (formatType == typeof(ICustomFormatter))
         return this;
      else
         return null;
   }

   public string Format(string format, object arg, 
                          IFormatProvider formatProvider)
   {   
      // Handle only hexadecimal format string.
      if (! format.StartsWith("X")) return null;

      byte[] bytes;
      string output = null;

      // Handle only integral types.
      if (arg is Byte) 
         bytes = BitConverter.GetBytes((Byte) arg);
      else if (arg is Int16)
         bytes = BitConverter.GetBytes((Int16) arg);
      else if (arg is Int32)
         bytes = BitConverter.GetBytes((Int32) arg);
      else if (arg is Int64)   
         bytes = BitConverter.GetBytes((Int64) arg);
      else if (arg is SByte)
         bytes = BitConverter.GetBytes((SByte) arg);
      else if (arg is UInt16)
         bytes = BitConverter.GetBytes((UInt16) arg);
      else if (arg is UInt32)
         bytes = BitConverter.GetBytes((UInt32) arg);
      else if (arg is UInt64)
         bytes = BitConverter.GetBytes((UInt64) arg);
      else
         return null;

      for (int ctr = bytes.Length - 1; ctr >= 0; ctr--)
         output += String.Format("{0:X2} ", bytes[ctr]);   

      return output.Trim();
   }
}

Public Module Example
   Public Sub Demo(outputBlock As System.Windows.Controls.TextBlock)
      Dim value As Long = 3210662321 
      Dim value1 As Byte = 214
      Dim value2 As Byte = 19

      outputBlock.Text += (String.Format(New ByteByByteFormatter(), "{0:X}", value)) + vbCrLf
      outputBlock.Text += (String.Format(New ByteByByteFormatter(), "{0:X} And {1:X} = {2:X} ({2:000})", _
                                      value1, value2, value1 And value2)) + vbCrLf                                
   End Sub
End Module
' The example displays the following output:
'       00 00 00 00 BF 5E D1 B1
'       00 D6 And 00 13 = 00 12 (018)

public class Example
{
   public static void Demo(System.Windows.Controls.TextBlock outputBlock)
   {
      long value = 3210662321; 
      byte value1 = 214;
      byte value2 = 19;

      outputBlock.Text += String.Format(new ByteByByteFormatter(), "{0:X}\n", value);
      outputBlock.Text += String.Format(new ByteByByteFormatter(), "{0:X} And {1:X} = {2:X} ({2:000})\n", 
                                      value1, value2, value1 & value2);                                
   }
}
// The example displays the following output:
//       00 00 00 00 BF 5E D1 B1
//       00 D6 And 00 13 = 00 00 00 12 (018)