Both recipient and configuration filters use the same syntax to create a filter query. All filter queries must have, at minimum, the following components:

• Opening bracket   The opening brace ({) indicates the start of the filter query.
  
• Property to examine   The property is the value on an object that you want to test. For example, this can be the city or department on a recipient object, an Active Directory site name or server name on a server configuration object, or a database name on a database configuration object.
  
• Comparison operator   The comparison operator directs how the query should evaluate the value that you specify against the value that's stored in the property. For example, comparison operators can be Eq, which means equal to; Ne, which means not equal to; Like, which means similar to, and so on. For a full list of operators that you can use in the Exchange Management Shell, see Comparison Operators.
  
• Value to compare   The value you specify in the filter query will be compared to the value that's stored in the property you specified. The value you specify must be enclosed in quotation marks ("). If you want to specify a partial string, you can enclose the string you provide in wildcard characters (*) and use a comparison operator that supports wildcard characters, such as Like. Any string that contains the partial string will match the filter query.
  
• Closing bracket   The closing brace (}) indicates the end of the filter query.
  

The following components are optional and enable you to create more complex filter queries:

• Parentheses   As in mathematics, parentheses, ( ), in a filter query enable you to force the order in which an operation occurs. Innermost parentheses are evaluated first and the filter query works outward to the outermost parentheses.
  
• Logical operators   Logical operators tie together one or more comparison operations and require the filter query to evaluate the entire statement. For example, logical operators include And, Or, and Not.
  

When put together, a simple query looks like { City -Eq "Vancouver" }. This filter matches any recipient where the value in the property City equals the string "Vancouver".

Another, more complex, query is { ((City -Eq "Vancouver") -And (Department -Eq "Sales")) -Or (Title -Like "*Manager*") }. The filter query is evaluated in the following order:

1. The properties City and Department are evaluated. Each is set to either True or False, depending on the values stored in each property.
   
2. The results of the City and Department statements are then evaluated. If both are True, the entire And statement becomes True. If one or both are False, the entire And statement becomes False. The following applies:
   
   • If the And statement evaluates as True, the entire filter query becomes True because the Or operator indicates that one side of the query, or the other, must be True. The object is exposed to the role assignment.
     
   • If the And statement is False, the filter query continues on to evaluate the Title property.
     
3. The Title property is then evaluated. It's set to True or False, depending on the value that's stored in the Title property. The following applies:
   
   • If the Title property evaluates as True, the entire filter query becomes True because the Or operator indicates that one side of the query, or the other, must be True. The object is exposed to the role assignment.
     
   • If the Title property evaluates as False, the entire filter query evaluates as False, and the object isn't exposed to the role assignment.
     

The following table shows an example with values, which indicates when the complex query would evaluate as True, and when it would evaluate as False.

Complex query

City	Department	Title	Result
Vancouver (True)	Sales (True)	CEO (False)	True because both City and Department evaluated as True. Title isn't evaluated because the filter query conditions are already satisfied.
Seattle (False)	Sales (True)	IT Manager (True)	True because Title evaluated as True. The results of the City and Department comparison are discarded because Title evaluated as True, which satisfied the filter query conditions. Note: IT Manager matches the filter query because the Like comparison operator was used, which matches partial strings when wildcard characters (*) are used in the filter query.
Vancouver (True)	Marketing (False)	Writer (False)	False because City and Department didn't both evaluate as True, and Title also didn't evaluate as True.

You can use almost any property on a recipient object when you create a recipient filter. For a list of filterable recipient properties, see Filterable Properties for the -Filter Parameter. Although this topic discusses the properties that can be used with the Filter parameter on other cmdlets, most of these properties also work with the RecipientRestrictionFilter parameter on the New-ManagementScope cmdlet.

You can use the following server properties when you create a management scope with the ServerRestrictionFilter parameter:

• CurrentServerRole
  
• CustomerFeedbackEnabled
  
• DataPath
  
• DistinguishedName
  
• ExchangeLegacyDN
  
• ExchangeLegacyServerRole
  
• ExchangeVersion
  
• Fqdn
  
• Guid
  
• InternetWebProxy
  
• Name
  
• NetworkAddress
  
• ObjectCategory
  
• ObjectClass
  
• ProductID
  
• ServerRole
  
• ServerSite
  
• WhenChanged
  
• WhenChangedUTC
  
• WhenCreated
  
• WhenCreatedUTC
  

You can use the following database properties when you create a management scope with the DatabaseRestrictionFilter parameter:

• AdminDisplayName
  
• AllowFileRestore
  
• BackgroundDatabaseMaintenance
  
• CircularLoggingEnabled
  
• DatabaseCreated
  
• DeletedItemRetention
  
• Description
  
• DistinguishedName
  
• EdbFilePath
  
• EventHistoryRetentionPeriod
  
• ExchangeLegacyDN
  
• ExchangeVersion
  
• Guid
  
• IssueWarningQuota
  
• LogFilePrefix
  
• LogFileSize
  
• LogFolderPath
  
• MasterServerOrAvailabilityGroup
  
• MountAtStartup
  
• Name
  
• ObjectCategory
  
• ObjectClass
  
• PublicFolderDatabase
  
• RetainDeletedItemsUntilBackup
  
• Server
  
• WhenChanged
  
• WhenChangedUTC
  
• WhenCreated
  
• WhenCreatedUTC