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Managing text and image Columns - Use Data-at-Execution Parameters

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Applies to: SQL Server Azure SQL Database Azure SQL Managed Instance Azure Synapse Analytics Analytics Platform System (PDW)

To use data-at-execution text, ntext, or image parameters

  1. When calling SQLBindParameter to bind a program buffer to the statement parameter:

    • For the last parameter, use SQL_LEN_DATA_AT_EXEC(length) where length is the total length of the text, ntext, or image parameter data in bytes.

    • Use an rgbValue (eighth parameter) of a program-defined parameter identifier.

  2. Calling SQLExecDirect or SQLExecute returns SQL_NEED_DATA, which indicates that data-at-execution parameters are ready for processing.

  3. For each data-at-execution parameter:

    • Call SQLParamData to get the program-defined parameter ID. It will return SQL_NEED_DATA if there is another data-at-execution parameter.

    • Call SQLPutData one or more times, to send the parameter data, until length is sent.

  4. Call SQLParamData to indicate that all the data for the final data-at-execution parameter is sent. It will not return SQL_NEED_DATA.

Example

The sample shows how to read SQL_LONG variable character data using SQLParamData and SQLPutData. This sample is not supported on IA64.

You will need an ODBC data source called AdventureWorks, whose default database is the AdventureWorks sample database. (You can download the AdventureWorks sample database from the Microsoft SQL Server Samples and Community Projects home page.) This data source must be based on the ODBC driver that is supplied by the operating system (the driver name is "SQL Server"). If you will build and run this sample as a 32-bit application on a 64-bit operating system, you must create the ODBC data source with the ODBC Administrator in %windir%\SysWOW64\odbcad32.exe.

This sample connects to your computer's default SQL Server instance. To connect to a named instance, change the definition of the ODBC data source to specify the instance using the following format: server\namedinstance. By default, SQL Server Express installs to a named instance.

Execute the first ( Transact-SQL) code listing to create the table used by the sample.

Compile the second (C++) code listing with odbc32.lib. Then execute the program.

Execute the third ( Transact-SQL) code listing to delete the table used by the sample.

USE AdventureWorks2022;
CREATE TABLE emp4 (NAME char(30), AGE int, BIRTHDAY datetime, Memo1 text)  

// compile with: odbc32.lib  
#include <stdio.h>  
#include <string.h>  
#include <windows.h>  
#include <sql.h>  
#include <sqlext.h>  
#include <odbcss.h>  
  
#define TEXTSIZE  12000  
#define MAXBUFLEN 256  
  
SQLHENV henv = SQL_NULL_HENV;  
SQLHDBC hdbc1 = SQL_NULL_HDBC;       
SQLHSTMT hstmt1 = SQL_NULL_HSTMT;  
  
void Cleanup() {  
   if (hstmt1 != SQL_NULL_HSTMT)  
      SQLFreeHandle(SQL_HANDLE_STMT, hstmt1);  
  
   if (hdbc1 != SQL_NULL_HDBC) {  
      SQLDisconnect(hdbc1);  
      SQLFreeHandle(SQL_HANDLE_DBC, hdbc1);  
   }  
  
   if (henv != SQL_NULL_HENV)  
      SQLFreeHandle(SQL_HANDLE_ENV, henv);  
}  
  
int main() {  
   RETCODE retcode;  
  
   // SQLBindParameter variables.  
   SQLLEN cbTextSize, lbytes;  
  
   // SQLParamData variable.  
   PTR pParmID;  
  
   // SQLPutData variables.  
   UCHAR  Data[] =   
      "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"  
      "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"  
      "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"  
      "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"  
      "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"  
      "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"  
      "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"  
      "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"  
      "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"  
      "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz";  
  
   SDWORD cbBatch = (SDWORD)sizeof(Data) - 1;  
  
   // Allocate the ODBC environment and save handle.  
   retcode = SQLAllocHandle (SQL_HANDLE_ENV, NULL, &henv);  
   if ( (retcode != SQL_SUCCESS_WITH_INFO) && (retcode != SQL_SUCCESS)) {  
      printf("SQLAllocHandle(Env) Failed\n\n");  
      Cleanup();  
      return(9);  
   }  
  
   // Notify ODBC that this is an ODBC 3.0 app.  
   retcode = SQLSetEnvAttr(henv, SQL_ATTR_ODBC_VERSION, (SQLPOINTER) SQL_OV_ODBC3, SQL_IS_INTEGER);  
   if ( (retcode != SQL_SUCCESS_WITH_INFO) && (retcode != SQL_SUCCESS)) {  
      printf("SQLSetEnvAttr(ODBC version) Failed\n\n");  
      Cleanup();  
      return(9);      
   }  
  
   // Allocate ODBC connection handle and connect.  
   retcode = SQLAllocHandle(SQL_HANDLE_DBC, henv, &hdbc1);  
   if ( (retcode != SQL_SUCCESS_WITH_INFO) && (retcode != SQL_SUCCESS)) {  
      printf("SQLAllocHandle(hdbc1) Failed\n\n");  
      Cleanup();  
      return(9);  
   }  
  
   // Sample uses Integrated Security, create SQL Server DSN using Windows NT authentication.   
   retcode = SQLConnect(hdbc1, (UCHAR*)"AdventureWorks", SQL_NTS, (UCHAR*)"",SQL_NTS, (UCHAR*)"", SQL_NTS);  
   if ( (retcode != SQL_SUCCESS) && (retcode != SQL_SUCCESS_WITH_INFO) ) {  
      printf("SQLConnect() Failed\n\n");  
      Cleanup();  
      return(9);  
   }  
  
   // Allocate statement handle.  
   retcode = SQLAllocHandle(SQL_HANDLE_STMT, hdbc1, &hstmt1);  
   if ( (retcode != SQL_SUCCESS) && (retcode != SQL_SUCCESS_WITH_INFO) ) {  
      printf("SQLAllocHandle(hstmt1) Failed\n\n");  
      Cleanup();  
      return(9);  
   }  
  
   // Set parameters based on total data to send.  
   lbytes = (SDWORD)TEXTSIZE;  
   cbTextSize = SQL_LEN_DATA_AT_EXEC(lbytes);  
  
   // Bind the parameter marker.  
   retcode = SQLBindParameter (hstmt1,           // hstmt  
                               1,                // ipar  
                               SQL_PARAM_INPUT,  // fParamType  
                               SQL_C_CHAR,       // fCType  
                               SQL_LONGVARCHAR,  // FSqlType  
                               lbytes,           // cbColDef  
                               0,                // ibScale  
                               (VOID *)1,        // rgbValue  
                               0,                // cbValueMax  
                               &cbTextSize);     // pcbValue  
  
   if ( (retcode != SQL_SUCCESS) && (retcode != SQL_SUCCESS_WITH_INFO) ) {  
      printf("SQLBindParameter Failed\n\n");  
      Cleanup();  
      return(9);  
   }  
  
   // Execute the command.  
   retcode =   
      SQLExecDirect(hstmt1, (UCHAR*)"INSERT INTO emp4 VALUES('Paul Borm', 46,'1950-11-12 00:00:00', ?)", SQL_NTS);  
   if ( (retcode != SQL_SUCCESS) && (retcode != SQL_NEED_DATA) && (retcode != SQL_SUCCESS_WITH_INFO) ) {  
      printf("SQLExecDirect Failed\n\n");  
      Cleanup();  
      return(9);  
   }  
  
   // Check to see if NEED_DATA; if yes, use SQLPutData.  
   retcode = SQLParamData(hstmt1, &pParmID);  
   if (retcode == SQL_NEED_DATA) {  
      while (lbytes > cbBatch) {  
         SQLPutData(hstmt1, Data, cbBatch);  
         lbytes -= cbBatch;  
      }  
      // Put final batch.  
      retcode = SQLPutData(hstmt1, Data, lbytes);   
   }  
  
   if ( (retcode != SQL_SUCCESS) && (retcode != SQL_SUCCESS_WITH_INFO) ) {  
      printf("SQLParamData Failed\n\n");  
      Cleanup();  
      return(9);  
   }  
  
   // Make final SQLParamData call.  
   retcode = SQLParamData(hstmt1, &pParmID);  
   if ( (retcode != SQL_SUCCESS) && (retcode != SQL_SUCCESS_WITH_INFO) ) {  
      printf("Final SQLParamData Failed\n\n");  
      Cleanup();  
      return(9);  
   }  
  
   // Clean up.  
   SQLFreeHandle(SQL_HANDLE_STMT, hstmt1);  
   SQLDisconnect(hdbc1);  
   SQLFreeHandle(SQL_HANDLE_DBC, hdbc1);  
   SQLFreeHandle(SQL_HANDLE_ENV, henv);  
}  

USE AdventureWorks2022;
IF EXISTS (SELECT name FROM sysobjects WHERE name = 'emp4')  
     DROP TABLE emp4  
GO

See Also

Managing text and image Columns How-to Topics (ODBC)