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_strnicmp, _wcsnicmp, _mbsnicmp

Compare characters of two strings without regard to case.

int_strnicmp(constchar*string1,constchar*string2,size_tcount**);**

int_wcsnicmp(constwchar_t*string1,constwchar_t*string2,size_tcount**);**

int_mbsnicmp(constunsignedchar*string1,constunsignedchar*string2,size_tcount**);**

Routine Required Header Compatibility
_strnicmp <string.h> Win 95, Win NT
_wcsnicmp <string.h> or <wchar.h> Win 95, Win NT
_mbsnicmp <mbstring.h> Win 95, Win NT

For additional compatibility information, see Compatibility in the Introduction.

Libraries

LIBC.LIB Single thread static library, retail version
LIBCMT.LIB Multithread static library, retail version
MSVCRT.LIB Import library for MSVCRT.DLL, retail version

Return Value

The return value indicates the relationship between the substrings as follows.

Return Value Description
< 0 string1 substring less than string2 substring
0 string1 substring identical to string2 substring
> 0 string1 substring greater than string2 substring

On an error, _mbsnicmp returns _NLSCMPERROR, which is defined in STRING.H and MBSTRING.H.

Parameters

string1, string2

Null-terminated strings to compare

count

Number of characters to compare

Remarks

The _strnicmp function lexicographically compares, at most, the first count characters of string1 and string2. The comparison is performed without regard to case; _strnicmp is a case-insensitive version of strncmp. The comparison ends if a terminating null character is reached in either string before count characters are compared. If the strings are equal when a terminating null character is reached in either string before count characters are compared, the shorter string is lesser.

Two strings containing characters located between 'Z' and 'a' in the ASCII table ('[', '\', ']', '^', '_', and '`') compare differently, depending on their case. For example, the two strings "ABCDE" and "ABCD^" compare one way if the comparison is lowercase ("abcde" > "abcd^") and the other way ("ABCDE" < "ABCD^") if it is uppercase.

_wcsnicmp and _mbsnicmp are wide-character and multibyte-character versions of _strnicmp. The arguments and return value of _wcsnicmp are wide-character strings; those of _mbsnicmp are multibyte-character strings. _mbsnicmp recognizes multibyte-character sequences according to the current multibyte code page and returns _NLSCMPERROR on an error. For more information, see Code Pages. These three functions behave identically otherwise. These functions are not affected by the current locale setting.

Generic-Text Routine Mappings

TCHAR.H Routine _UNICODE & _MBCS Not Defined _MBCS Defined _UNICODE Defined
_tcsncicmp _strnicmp _mbsnbicmp _wcsnicmp
_tcsnicmp _strnicmp _mbsnbicmp _wcsnicmp

Example

/* STRNCMP.C */
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>

char string1[] = "The quick brown dog jumps over the lazy fox";
char string2[] = "The QUICK brown fox jumps over the lazy dog";

void main( void )
{
   char tmp[20];
   int result;
   printf( "Compare strings:\n\t\t%s\n\t\t%s\n\n", string1, string2 );
   printf( "Function:\tstrncmp (first 10 characters only)\n" );
   result = strncmp( string1, string2 , 10 );
   if( result > 0 )
      strcpy( tmp, "greater than" );
   else if( result < 0 )
      strcpy( tmp, "less than" );
   else
      strcpy( tmp, "equal to" );
   printf( "Result:\t\tString 1 is %s string 2\n\n", tmp );
   printf( "Function:\tstrnicmp _strnicmp (first 10 characters only)\n" );
   result = _strnicmp( string1, string2, 10 );
   if( result > 0 )
      strcpy( tmp, "greater than" );
   else if( result < 0 )
      strcpy( tmp, "less than" );
   else
      strcpy( tmp, "equal to" );
   printf( "Result:\t\tString 1 is %s string 2\n\n", tmp );
}

Output

Compare strings:
      The quick brown dog jumps over the lazy fox
      The QUICK brown fox jumps over the lazy dog

Function:   strncmp (first 10 characters only)
Result:      String 1 is greater than string 2

Function:   _strnicmp (first 10 characters only)
Result:      String 1 is equal to string 2

String Manipulation Routines

See Also   strcat, strcmp, strcpy, strncat, strncmp, strncpy, strrchr, _strset, strspn