SQL Server 使用保留关键字来定义、操作和添加数据库。保留关键字是 SQL Server 用于分析和理解 Transact-SQL 语句和批处理的 Transact-SQL 语法的组成部分。
SQL Server 实例名不能与保留关键字匹配。请参照下表以确保在 SQL Server 实例名中未使用保留关键字。
|
ADD
|
EXCEPT
|
PERCENT
|
|
ALL
|
EXEC
|
PLAN
|
|
ALTER
|
EXECUTE
|
PRECISION
|
|
AND
|
EXISTS
|
PRIMARY
|
|
ANY
|
EXIT
|
PRINT
|
|
AS
|
FETCH
|
PROC
|
|
ASC
|
FILE
|
PROCEDURE
|
|
AUTHORIZATION
|
FILLFACTOR
|
PUBLIC
|
|
BACKUP
|
FOR
|
RAISERROR
|
|
BEGIN
|
FOREIGN
|
READ
|
|
BETWEEN
|
FREETEXT
|
READTEXT
|
|
BREAK
|
FREETEXTTABLE
|
RECONFIGURE
|
|
BROWSE
|
FROM
|
REFERENCES
|
|
BULK
|
FULL
|
REPLICATION
|
|
BY
|
FUNCTION
|
RESTORE
|
|
CASCADE
|
GOTO
|
RESTRICT
|
|
CASE
|
GRANT
|
RETURN
|
|
CHECK
|
GROUP
|
REVOKE
|
|
CHECKPOINT
|
HAVING
|
RIGHT
|
|
CLOSE
|
HOLDLOCK
|
ROLLBACK
|
|
CLUSTERED
|
IDENTITY
|
ROWCOUNT
|
|
COALESCE
|
IDENTITY_INSERT
|
ROWGUIDCOL
|
|
COLLATE
|
IDENTITYCOL
|
RULE
|
|
COLUMN
|
IF
|
SAVE
|
|
COMMIT
|
IN
|
SCHEMA
|
|
COMPUTE
|
INDEX
|
SELECT
|
|
CONSTRAINT
|
INNER
|
SESSION_USER
|
|
CONTAINS
|
INSERT
|
SET
|
|
CONTAINSTABLE
|
INTERSECT
|
SETUSER
|
|
CONTINUE
|
INTO
|
SHUTDOWN
|
|
CONVERT
|
IS
|
SOME
|
|
CREATE
|
JOIN
|
STATISTICS
|
|
CROSS
|
KEY
|
SYSTEM_USER
|
|
CURRENT
|
KILL
|
TABLE
|
|
CURRENT_DATE
|
LEFT
|
TEXTSIZE
|
|
CURRENT_TIME
|
LIKE
|
THEN
|
|
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
|
LINENO
|
TO
|
|
CURRENT_USER
|
LOAD
|
TOP
|
|
CURSOR
|
NATIONAL
|
TRAN
|
|
DATABASE
|
NOCHECK
|
TRANSACTION
|
|
DBCC
|
NONCLUSTERED
|
TRIGGER
|
|
DEALLOCATE
|
NOT
|
TRUNCATE
|
|
DECLARE
|
NULL
|
TSEQUAL
|
|
DEFAULT
|
NULLIF
|
UNION
|
|
DELETE
|
OF
|
UNIQUE
|
|
DENY
|
OFF
|
UPDATE
|
|
DESC
|
OFFSETS
|
UPDATETEXT
|
|
DISK
|
ON
|
USE
|
|
DISTINCT
|
OPEN
|
USER
|
|
DISTRIBUTED
|
OPENDATASOURCE
|
VALUES
|
|
DOUBLE
|
OPENQUERY
|
VARYING
|
|
DROP
|
OPENROWSET
|
VIEW
|
|
DUMMY
|
OPENXML
|
WAITFOR
|
|
DUMP
|
OPTION
|
WHEN
|
|
ELSE
|
OR
|
WHERE
|
|
END
|
ORDER
|
WHILE
|
|
ERRLVL
|
OUTER
|
WITH
|
|
ESCAPE
|
OVER
|
WRITETEXT
|
此外，ISO 标准定义了保留关键字的列表。不要使用 ISO 保留关键字作为对象名和标识符。ODBC 保留关键字列表（如下表所示）与 ISO 保留关键字列表相同。
.gif) 注意： |
|---|
|
ISO 保留关键字列表有时会比 SQL Server 具有更多的限制，有时则更少。例如，ISO 保留关键字列表包含 INT。SQL Server 不将 INT 视为保留关键字。
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ODBC 保留关键字
保留了下列关键字用于 ODBC 函数调用。这些单词不限定最小 SQL 语法。但是，为确保与支持核心 SQL 语法的驱动程序兼容，请避免在 SQL Server 实例名中使用这些关键字。
|
ABSOLUTE
|
EXEC
|
OVERLAPS
|
|
ACTION
|
EXECUTE
|
PAD
|
|
ADA
|
EXISTS
|
PARTIAL
|
|
ADD
|
EXTERNAL
|
PASCAL
|
|
ALL
|
EXTRACT
|
POSITION
|
|
ALLOCATE
|
FALSE
|
PRECISION
|
|
ALTER
|
FETCH
|
PREPARE
|
|
AND
|
FIRST
|
PRESERVE
|
|
ANY
|
FLOAT
|
PRIMARY
|
|
ARE
|
FOR
|
PRIOR
|
|
AS
|
FOREIGN
|
PRIVILEGES
|
|
ASC
|
FORTRAN
|
PROCEDURE
|
|
ASSERTION
|
FOUND
|
PUBLIC
|
|
AT
|
FROM
|
READ
|
|
AUTHORIZATION
|
FULL
|
REAL
|
|
AVG
|
GET
|
REFERENCES
|
|
BEGIN
|
GLOBAL
|
RELATIVE
|
|
BETWEEN
|
GO
|
RESTRICT
|
|
BIT
|
GOTO
|
REVOKE
|
|
BIT_LENGTH
|
GRANT
|
RIGHT
|
|
BOTH
|
GROUP
|
ROLLBACK
|
|
BY
|
HAVING
|
ROWS
|
|
CASCADE
|
HOUR
|
SCHEMA
|
|
CASCADED
|
IDENTITY
|
SCROLL
|
|
CASE
|
IMMEDIATE
|
SECOND
|
|
CAST
|
IN
|
SECTION
|
|
CATALOG
|
INCLUDE
|
SELECT
|
|
CHAR
|
INDEX
|
SESSION
|
|
CHAR_LENGTH
|
INDICATOR
|
SESSION_USER
|
|
CHARACTER
|
INITIALLY
|
SET
|
|
CHARACTER_LENGTH
|
INNER
|
SIZE
|
|
CHECK
|
INPUT
|
SMALLINT
|
|
CLOSE
|
INSENSITIVE
|
SOME
|
|
COALESCE
|
INSERT
|
SPACE
|
|
COLLATE
|
INT
|
SQL
|
|
COLLATION
|
INTEGER
|
SQLCA
|
|
COLUMN
|
INTERSECT
|
SQLCODE
|
|
COMMIT
|
INTERVAL
|
SQLERROR
|
|
CONNECT
|
INTO
|
SQLSTATE
|
|
CONNECTION
|
IS
|
SQLWARNING
|
|
CONSTRAINT
|
ISOLATION
|
SUBSTRING
|
|
CONSTRAINTS
|
JOIN
|
SUM
|
|
CONTINUE
|
KEY
|
SYSTEM_USER
|
|
CONVERT
|
LANGUAGE
|
TABLE
|
|
CORRESPONDING
|
LAST
|
TEMPORARY
|
|
COUNT
|
LEADING
|
THEN
|
|
CREATE
|
LEFT
|
TIME
|
|
CROSS
|
LEVEL
|
TIMESTAMP
|
|
CURRENT
|
LIKE
|
TIMEZONE_HOUR
|
|
CURRENT_DATE
|
LOCAL
|
TIMEZONE_MINUTE
|
|
CURRENT_TIME
|
LOWER
|
TO
|
|
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
|
MATCH
|
TRAILING
|
|
CURRENT_USER
|
MAX
|
TRANSACTION
|
|
CURSOR
|
MIN
|
TRANSLATE
|
|
DATE
|
MINUTE
|
TRANSLATION
|
|
DAY
|
MODULE
|
TRIM
|
|
DEALLOCATE
|
MONTH
|
TRUE
|
|
DEC
|
NAMES
|
UNION
|
|
DECIMAL
|
NATIONAL
|
UNIQUE
|
|
DECLARE
|
NATURAL
|
UNKNOWN
|
|
DEFAULT
|
NCHAR
|
UPDATE
|
|
DEFERRABLE
|
NEXT
|
UPPER
|
|
DEFERRED
|
NO
|
USAGE
|
|
DELETE
|
NONE
|
USER
|
|
DESC
|
NOT
|
USING
|
|
DESCRIBE
|
NULL
|
VALUE
|
|
DESCRIPTOR
|
NULLIF
|
VALUES
|
|
DIAGNOSTICS
|
NUMERIC
|
VARCHAR
|
|
DISCONNECT
|
OCTET_LENGTH
|
VARYING
|
|
DISTINCT
|
OF
|
VIEW
|
|
DOMAIN
|
ON
|
WHEN
|
|
DOUBLE
|
ONLY
|
WHENEVER
|
|
DROP
|
OPEN
|
WHERE
|
|
ELSE
|
OPTION
|
WITH
|
|
END
|
OR
|
WORK
|
|
END-EXEC
|
ORDER
|
WRITE
|
|
ESCAPE
|
OUTER
|
YEAR
|
|
EXCEPT
|
OUTPUT
|
ZONE
|
|
EXCEPTION
|
|
|
请参阅