如何创建推送订阅（RMO 编程）

项目
12/15/2008

您可以使用复制管理对象 (RMO) 以编程的方式创建推送订阅。用于创建推送订阅的 RMO 类取决于对其创建订阅的发布的类型。

安全说明：
如果可能，请在运行时提示用户输入安全凭据。如果必须存储凭据，请使用 Microsoft Windows .NET Framework 提供的加密服务。

创建快照或事务性发布的推送订阅

使用 ServerConnection 类创建与发布服务器的连接。
使用步骤 1 中的发布服务器连接创建 TransPublication 类的实例。指定 Name、DatabaseName 和 ConnectionContext。
调用 LoadProperties 方法。如果该方法返回 false，则表示步骤 2 中指定的属性不正确，或者服务器中不存在发布。
在 Attributes 属性和 AllowPush 之间执行逻辑位与（在 Visual C# 中为 &，在 Visual Basic 中为 And）运算。如果结果为 None，则将 Attributes 设置为 Attributes 和 AllowPush 之间的逻辑位或（在 Visual C# 中为 |，在 Visual Basic 为 Or）的结果。然后，调用 CommitPropertyChanges 以启用推送订阅。
如果订阅数据库不存在，则使用 Database 类创建该数据库。有关详细信息，请参阅Creating, Altering, and Removing Databases。
创建 TransSubscription 类的实例。

设置下列订阅属性：

在步骤 1 中为 ConnectionContext 创建的与发布服务器的 ServerConnection。
用于 SubscriptionDBName 的订阅数据库的名称。
用于 SubscriberName 的订阅服务器的名称。
用于 DatabaseName 的发布数据库的名称。
用于 PublicationName 的发布的名称。

SynchronizationAgentProcessSecurity 的 Login 和 Password 或 SecurePassword 字段，用于提供分发代理在分发服务器中运行所使用的 Microsoft Windows 帐户的凭据。该帐户用于与分发服务器进行本地连接，同时还用于使用 Windows 身份验证进行远程连接。

注意：
当 sysadmin 固定服务器角色的成员创建订阅时，不需要设置 SynchronizationAgentProcessSecurity，尽管建议这样做。在这种情况下，代理会模拟 SQL Server Agent 帐户。有关详细信息，请参阅复制代理安全性模式。

（可选）CreateSyncAgentByDefault 的 true 值（默认值），用于创建用来同步订阅的代理作业。如果您指定了 false，则只能以编程的方式同步订阅。
（可选）在使用 SQL Server 身份验证连接到订阅服务器时设置 SubscriberSecurity 的 SqlStandardLogin 和 SqlStandardPassword 或 SecureSqlStandardPassword 字段。

调用 Create 方法。

安全说明：
在具有远程分发服务器的发布服务器上创建推送订阅时，为所有属性（包括 SynchronizationAgentProcessSecurity）提供的值都将作为纯文本发送到该分发服务器。在调用 Create 方法之前，应该对发布服务器与其远程分发服务器之间的连接进行加密。有关详细信息，请参阅加密与 SQL Server 的连接。

创建合并发布的推送订阅

使用 ServerConnection 类创建与发布服务器的连接。
使用步骤 1 中的发布服务器连接创建 MergePublication 类的实例。指定 Name、DatabaseName 和 ConnectionContext。
调用 LoadProperties 方法。如果该方法返回 false，则表示步骤 2 中指定的属性不正确，或者服务器中不存在发布。
在 Attributes 属性和 AllowPush 之间执行逻辑位与（在 Visual C# 中为 &，在 Visual Basic 中为 And）运算。如果结果为 None，则将 Attributes 设置为 Attributes 和 AllowPush 之间的逻辑位或（在 Visual C# 中为 |，在 Visual Basic 为 Or）的结果。然后，调用 CommitPropertyChanges 以启用推送订阅。
如果订阅数据库不存在，则使用 Database 类创建该数据库。有关详细信息，请参阅Creating, Altering, and Removing Databases。
创建 MergeSubscription 类的实例。

设置下列订阅属性：

在步骤 1 中为 ConnectionContext 创建的与发布服务器的 ServerConnection。
用于 SubscriptionDBName 的订阅数据库的名称。
用于 SubscriberName 的订阅服务器的名称。
用于 DatabaseName 的发布数据库的名称。
用于 PublicationName 的发布的名称。

SynchronizationAgentProcessSecurity 的 Login 和 Password 或 SecurePassword 字段，用于提供合并代理在分发服务器中运行时所使用的 Microsoft Windows 帐户的凭据。该帐户用于与分发服务器进行本地连接，或者用于使用 Windows 身份验证进行远程连接。

注意：
当 sysadmin 固定服务器角色的成员创建订阅时，不需要设置 SynchronizationAgentProcessSecurity，尽管建议这样做。在这种情况下，代理会模拟 SQL Server Agent 帐户。有关详细信息，请参阅复制代理安全性模式。

（可选）CreateSyncAgentByDefault 的 true 值（默认值），用于创建用来同步订阅的代理作业。如果您指定了 false，则只能以编程的方式同步订阅。
（可选）在使用 SQL Server 身份验证连接到订阅服务器时设置 SubscriberSecurity 的 SqlStandardLogin 和 SqlStandardPassword 或 SecureSqlStandardPassword 字段。
（可选）在使用 SQL Server 身份验证连接到发布服务器时设置 PublisherSecurity 的 SqlStandardLogin 和 SqlStandardPassword 或 SecureSqlStandardPassword 字段。

调用 Create 方法。

安全说明：
在具有远程分发服务器的发布服务器上创建推送订阅时，为所有属性（包括 SynchronizationAgentProcessSecurity）提供的值都将作为纯文本发送到该分发服务器。在调用 Create 方法之前，应该对发布服务器与其远程分发服务器之间的连接进行加密。有关详细信息，请参阅加密与 SQL Server 的连接。

示例

该示例创建事务性发布的新推送订阅。用于运行分发代理作业的 Windows 帐户凭据在运行时通过。

// Define the Publisher, publication, and databases.
string publicationName = "AdvWorksProductTran";
string publisherName = publisherInstance;
string subscriberName = subscriberInstance;
string subscriptionDbName = "AdventureWorksReplica";
string publicationDbName = "AdventureWorks";

//Create a connection to the Publisher.
ServerConnection conn = new ServerConnection(subscriberName);

// Create the objects that we need.
TransPublication publication;
TransSubscription subscription;

try
{
    // Connect to the Publisher.
    conn.Connect();

    // Ensure that the publication exists and that 
    // it supports push subscriptions.
    publication = new TransPublication();
    publication.Name = publicationName;
    publication.DatabaseName = publicationDbName;
    publication.ConnectionContext = conn;

    if (publication.IsExistingObject)
    {
        if ((publication.Attributes & PublicationAttributes.AllowPush) == 0)
        {
            publication.Attributes |= PublicationAttributes.AllowPush;
        }

        // Define the push subscription.
        subscription = new TransSubscription();
        subscription.ConnectionContext = conn;
        subscription.SubscriberName = subscriberName;
        subscription.PublicationName = publicationName;
        subscription.DatabaseName = publicationDbName;
        subscription.SubscriptionDBName = subscriptionDbName;

        // Specify the Windows login credentials for the Distribution Agent job.
        subscription.SynchronizationAgentProcessSecurity.Login = winLogin;
        subscription.SynchronizationAgentProcessSecurity.Password = winPassword;

        // By default, subscriptions to transactional publications are synchronized 
        // continuously, but in this case we only want to synchronize on demand.
        subscription.AgentSchedule.FrequencyType = ScheduleFrequencyType.OnDemand;
 
        // Create the push subscription.
        subscription.Create();
    }
    else
    {
        // Do something here if the publication does not exist.
        throw new ApplicationException(String.Format(
            "The publication '{0}' does not exist on {1}.",
            publicationName, publisherName));
    }
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
    // Implement the appropriate error handling here.
    throw new ApplicationException(String.Format(
        "The subscription to {0} could not be created.", publicationName), ex);
}
finally
{
    conn.Disconnect();
}

' Define the Publisher, publication, and databases.
Dim publicationName As String = "AdvWorksProductTran"
Dim publisherName As String = publisherInstance
Dim subscriberName As String = subscriberInstance
Dim subscriptionDbName As String = "AdventureWorksReplica"
Dim publicationDbName As String = "AdventureWorks"

'Create a connection to the Publisher.
Dim conn As ServerConnection = New ServerConnection(subscriberName)

' Create the objects that we need.
Dim publication As TransPublication
Dim subscription As TransSubscription

Try
    ' Connect to the Publisher.
    conn.Connect()

    ' Ensure that the publication exists and that 
    ' it supports push subscriptions.
    publication = New TransPublication()
    publication.Name = publicationName
    publication.DatabaseName = publicationDbName
    publication.ConnectionContext = conn

    If publication.IsExistingObject Then
        If (publication.Attributes And PublicationAttributes.AllowPush) = 0 Then
            publication.Attributes = publication.Attributes _
            Or PublicationAttributes.AllowPush
        End If

        ' Define the push subscription.
        subscription = New TransSubscription()
        subscription.ConnectionContext = conn
        subscription.SubscriberName = subscriberName
        subscription.PublicationName = publicationName
        subscription.DatabaseName = publicationDbName
        subscription.SubscriptionDBName = subscriptionDbName

        ' Specify the Windows login credentials for the Distribution Agent job.
        subscription.SynchronizationAgentProcessSecurity.Login = winLogin
        subscription.SynchronizationAgentProcessSecurity.Password = winPassword

        ' By default, subscriptions to transactional publications are synchronized 
        ' continuously, but in this case we only want to synchronize on demand.
        subscription.AgentSchedule.FrequencyType = ScheduleFrequencyType.OnDemand

        ' Create the push subscription.
        subscription.Create()
    Else
        ' Do something here if the publication does not exist.
        Throw New ApplicationException(String.Format( _
         "The publication '{0}' does not exist on {1}.", _
         publicationName, publisherName))
    End If

Catch ex As Exception
    ' Implement the appropriate error handling here.
    Throw New ApplicationException(String.Format( _
        "The subscription to {0} could not be created.", publicationName), ex)
Finally
    conn.Disconnect()
End Try

该示例创建合并发布的新推送订阅。用于运行合并代理作业的 Windows 帐户凭据在运行时通过。

// Define the Publisher, publication, and databases.
string publicationName = "AdvWorksSalesOrdersMerge";
string publisherName = publisherInstance;
string subscriberName = subscriberInstance;
string subscriptionDbName = "AdventureWorksReplica";
string publicationDbName = "AdventureWorks";
string hostname = @"adventure-works\garrett1";

//Create a connection to the Publisher.
ServerConnection conn = new ServerConnection(subscriberName);

// Create the objects that we need.
MergePublication publication;
MergeSubscription subscription;

try
{
    // Connect to the Publisher.
    conn.Connect();

    // Ensure that the publication exists and that 
    // it supports push subscriptions.
    publication = new MergePublication();
    publication.Name = publicationName;
    publication.DatabaseName = publicationDbName;
    publication.ConnectionContext = conn;

    if (publication.IsExistingObject)
    {
        if ((publication.Attributes & PublicationAttributes.AllowPush) == 0)
        {
            publication.Attributes |= PublicationAttributes.AllowPush;
        }

        // Define the push subscription.
        subscription = new MergeSubscription();
        subscription.ConnectionContext = conn;
        subscription.SubscriberName = subscriberName;
        subscription.PublicationName = publicationName;
        subscription.DatabaseName = publicationDbName;
        subscription.SubscriptionDBName = subscriptionDbName;
        subscription.HostName = hostname;

        // Set a schedule to synchronize the subscription every 2 hours
        // during weekdays from 6am to 10pm.
        subscription.AgentSchedule.FrequencyType = ScheduleFrequencyType.Weekly;
        subscription.AgentSchedule.FrequencyInterval = Convert.ToInt32(0x003E);
        subscription.AgentSchedule.FrequencyRecurrenceFactor = 1;
        subscription.AgentSchedule.FrequencySubDay = ScheduleFrequencySubDay.Hour;
        subscription.AgentSchedule.FrequencySubDayInterval = 2;
        subscription.AgentSchedule.ActiveStartDate = 20051108;
        subscription.AgentSchedule.ActiveEndDate = 20071231;
        subscription.AgentSchedule.ActiveStartTime = 060000;
        subscription.AgentSchedule.ActiveEndTime = 100000;

        // Specify the Windows login credentials for the Merge Agent job.
        subscription.SynchronizationAgentProcessSecurity.Login = winLogin;
        subscription.SynchronizationAgentProcessSecurity.Password = winPassword;

        // Create the push subscription.
        subscription.Create();
    }
    else
    {
        // Do something here if the publication does not exist.
        throw new ApplicationException(String.Format(
            "The publication '{0}' does not exist on {1}.",
            publicationName, publisherName));
    }
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
    // Implement the appropriate error handling here.
    throw new ApplicationException(String.Format(
        "The subscription to {0} could not be created.", publicationName), ex);
}
finally
{
    conn.Disconnect();
}

' Define the Publisher, publication, and databases.
Dim publicationName As String = "AdvWorksSalesOrdersMerge"
Dim publisherName As String = publisherInstance
Dim subscriberName As String = subscriberInstance
Dim subscriptionDbName As String = "AdventureWorksReplica"
Dim publicationDbName As String = "AdventureWorks"
Dim hostname As String = "adventure-works\garrett1"

'Create a connection to the Publisher.
Dim conn As ServerConnection = New ServerConnection(subscriberName)

' Create the objects that we need.
Dim publication As MergePublication
Dim subscription As MergeSubscription

Try
    ' Connect to the Publisher.
    conn.Connect()

    ' Ensure that the publication exists and that 
    ' it supports push subscriptions.
    publication = New MergePublication()
    publication.Name = publicationName
    publication.DatabaseName = publicationDbName
    publication.ConnectionContext = conn

    If publication.IsExistingObject Then
        If (publication.Attributes And PublicationAttributes.AllowPush) = 0 Then
            publication.Attributes = publication.Attributes _
            Or PublicationAttributes.AllowPush
        End If

        ' Define the push subscription.
        subscription = New MergeSubscription()
        subscription.ConnectionContext = conn
        subscription.SubscriberName = subscriberName
        subscription.PublicationName = publicationName
        subscription.DatabaseName = publicationDbName
        subscription.SubscriptionDBName = subscriptionDbName
        subscription.HostName = hostname

        ' Set a schedule to synchronize the subscription every 2 hours
        ' during weekdays from 6am to 10pm.
        subscription.AgentSchedule.FrequencyType = ScheduleFrequencyType.Weekly
        subscription.AgentSchedule.FrequencyInterval = Convert.ToInt32("0x003E", 16)
        subscription.AgentSchedule.FrequencyRecurrenceFactor = 1
        subscription.AgentSchedule.FrequencySubDay = ScheduleFrequencySubDay.Hour
        subscription.AgentSchedule.FrequencySubDayInterval = 2
        subscription.AgentSchedule.ActiveStartDate = 20051108
        subscription.AgentSchedule.ActiveEndDate = 20071231
        subscription.AgentSchedule.ActiveStartTime = 60000
        subscription.AgentSchedule.ActiveEndTime = 100000

        ' Specify the Windows login credentials for the Merge Agent job.
        subscription.SynchronizationAgentProcessSecurity.Login = winLogin
        subscription.SynchronizationAgentProcessSecurity.Password = winPassword

        ' Create the push subscription.
        subscription.Create()
    Else

        ' Do something here if the publication does not exist.
        Throw New ApplicationException(String.Format( _
         "The publication '{0}' does not exist on {1}.", _
         publicationName, publisherName))
    End If
Catch ex As Exception
    ' Implement the appropriate error handling here.
    Throw New ApplicationException(String.Format( _
    "The subscription to {0} could not be created.", publicationName), ex)
Finally
    conn.Disconnect()
End Try

请参阅

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如何创建推送订阅（RMO 编程）

创建快照或事务性发布的推送订阅

创建合并发布的推送订阅

示例

请参阅

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