Table of Contents
Acknowledgments xxiii
Introduction xxv
Part I: Planning and Designing
1 Introducing Microsoft Office SharePoint Server 2007 3
Windows SharePoint Services 3.0 4
Delegation of Administration 4
Provisioning of Web Applications 4
Backup and Restore 5
Security 6
Storage 7
Server Farm Topology 9
Site Model 9
Application Programming Interfaces 10
Collaboration 11
Wikis 12
SharePoint Server 2007 Standard 13
Search and Indexing 13
Shared Services Providers 13
Portals 14
Site Collection Auditing 15
Enterprise Content Management 15
SharePoint Server 2007 Enterprise 16
Forms Server 2007 16
Excel Calculation Services 17
Business Data Catalog 17
SharePoint Server 2007 for Internet Sites 17
How Can SharePoint Server Help My Organization? 17
Collaboration 18
Content Aggregation 19
Content Organization 20
Content Presentation 21
Content Publishing 22
Summary 22
2 Change, Power, and Conflict 23
Understanding Change in a Corporate Environment 23
Common Types of Change in a Corporate Environment 26
How Different Individuals Accept Change 27
Managing Environmental Change 29
Understanding Power Dynamics and Change 32
Understanding Specific Changes that SharePoint Introduces 35
Information Access Changes 35
Breaking Down Information "Kingdoms" 38
Document Development and Collaboration 38
End-Users as Web Site Administrators and Creators 39
End-Users as Security Agents 43
Strong Governance and Potential Conflicts 44
Knowing Where to Put Information 44
Knowing How Information Is to Be Handled 45
Knowing Who Makes Which Decisions 47
Summary 50
3 SharePoint Server 2007 Design Life Cycle 51
Overview of Frameworks that Can Be Used with SharePoint Server 2007 52
Information Technology Infrastructure Library 52
Structure versus Freedom 55
Process Models 56
Best of Both Worlds 58
Define Stakeholders 60
Training 61
Administrators 61
Developers 62
End-Users 62
Help Desk 63
Gathering Requirements 63
"I Need" versus "I Want" 63
Elicitation Techniques 64
Modeling Requirements 65
Agreeing on Requirements 66
Dealing with Requirements Creep 67
Major Milestone 1: Design Phase 67
Mapping Functional Requirements to Design Features 68
Common Functional Design Questions 68
Understanding How to Implement Technical Requirements 71
The 25 Most Common Design Questions 72
Dependencies 80
Define Performance and Capacity Requirements 81
Contingency Factors 81
Test Initial Design 82
Approval 82
Major Milestone 2: Build Readiness 83
Prototype Approved by Stakeholders 83
Design Constraints 83
Build Out Production System 84
Test Production Build 84
Refinement of System 85
Major Milestone 3: Operational Readiness 86
Disaster Recovery Testing 86
Operating and Supporting 86
Summary 88
Additional Resources 88
4 Defining Business Requirements 89
Requirements 90
Business Requirements 90
Functional Requirements 90
Constraints or Nonfunctional Requirements 91
Testing Requirements 91
Technical Specifications or Requirements 91
Bridging the Gap Between Business Need and Technology Solution 94
Characteristics of Good Requirements 96
Implementing Requirements Traceability and a Requirements Matrix 98
How Many Requirements per Project? 99
Establishing Subprojects in Parallel 99
Establishing Subprojects in Sequence 99
Implementing Iterative Project Management 100
Using Hybrid Methodologies 101
Using Requirements to Solve Problems 101
Deciding Whether to Pursue the Solution 102
Developing the Project Charter 102
Managing Change Control 106
Governance Defined 107
Business Drivers: The Building Blocks of a Business Strategy 108
Negotiating Service Level Agreements 109
Summary 112
Additional Resources 112
5 SharePoint Server 2007 and Governance 113
Governance Best Practices 116
Fit the Organization's Existing Workflow and Culture 116
Keep Technology Aligned with Business Objectives 116
Define and Manage the Organization's High-Level Information Taxonomy 116
Simple Is Beautiful in the World of Taxonomies 118
Keep the Organization Aware of the Financial and Performance Impacts of Its Technology Decisions 119
Balance Long-Term and Short-Term Views When Making Technology Decisions 119
Encourage Excellence and Innovation 120
Guide Through Merit and Service 120
Handle Questions and Issues Quickly, Concisely, and Effectively 120
Maintain a Technology-Agnostic Viewpoint 121
Start Small and Grow Over Time, Intentionally 121
Standardize Enterprise-Wide Information with Minimal Intrusion 121
Getting a Technology Governance Team Started 121
Assign the Governance Team 122
Evaluate Organizational Goals and Business Drivers 122
Evaluate Current and Planned Business Initiatives 123
Define the Business Requirements 125
Evaluate Existing Governance and Oversight Processes, Documents, and Activities 125
Create an Effective Governance Team Site 126
Membership Management 127
Governance Team Roles in SharePoint 127
SharePoint Lists Included in the Governance Team Site 129
Summary 131
Additional Resources 131
6 Project Plans for a SharePoint Server 2007 Deployment 133
Understanding Microsoft's SharePoint Server 2007 Deployment Plan 134
The Envisioning Stage 134
The Planning Stage 136
Assemble Project Teams and Define Roles 137
Review Technical Requirements 138
Review Preliminary End-User and Business Requirements 139
Determine Preliminary Design Objectives 141
Identify Coexistence Strategies 141
Establish Test Lab Environment 142
Perform Risk Analysis 143
Define Communication Strategy 146
Define Education Strategy 147
Review Client Hardware and Software 149
Create Governance Plan with Mission, Vision, and Strategy 149
Plan Server Configuration 149
Plan Security 150
Plan for Performance 158
Plan Failover and Disaster Recovery 159
Plan for Localization 159
Plan Integration 160
Plan Maintenance 161
Plan Content and Navigation Structure 161
Deployment, Implementation, and Configuration Management 161
Post-Implementation Operations, Optimization, and Business Review 162
Summary 163
Additional Resources 163
7 Developing an Information Architecture 165
Common Goals 165
Architecture Forethought 166
Information Architecture Foundations 167
Publishing 168
Collaboration 169
Records Management 169
Content Movement 171
Opportunity Defined 172
Going Vertical 172
Shared Services 173
Information Arrangement 175
Information Context 176
User Interface and Branding 177
Usability and Acceptance 177
Emergent Capability 178
Information Architecture Building Blocks 178
Lower-Level Data Objects 180
Macro Example 181
Micro Permutations 182
Provisioning 186
Self-Service 187
Summary 187
Additional Resources 187
Part II: Building
8 Document Management 191
What Is a Document? 192
What Is Document Management? 192
The Document Life Cycle 196
Creation 197
Should SharePoint Replace File Servers? 199
Location 202
Filing 205
Retrieval 208
Security 212
Workflow and Approval 216
Distribution 218
Retention 224
Archiving 225
Other Best Practices Concerning Documents and Document Libraries 226
Working with the SharePoint Server 2007 DoD 5015.2 Add-On Pack 228
Summary 228
Additional Resources 228
9 Enterprise Content Management 229
What Is Enterprise Content Management? 229
Structured versus Unstructured Content 230
New Legal Requirements 231
Other Driving Forces 232
Scenarios 232
SharePoint ECM Technologies 235
Document Management 236
Web Content Management 244
Records Management 249
Forms Management 254
E-mail Management 257
SharePoint ECM Best Practices 258
Combine Centralized and Local Governance 258
Develop Document Plans 258
Don't Migrate All Legacy Content 259
Store Large Media Files in External Storage 259
Add iFilters to Index Unstructured Content 260
Summary 261
Additional Resources 261
10 Business Processes and Workflows 263
Identifying Workflow Candidates 264
Adapt the Technology to Business Requirements 265
Overview of Out-of-the-box Workflows 266
Workflow Configuration Options 267
Workflow History 269
Which Workflow History List? 270
Publishing Workflows 272
Workflow Deployment Considerations 273
Should You Disable Custom Workflows? 274
The Other Side of the Coin: Code-free Custom Workflows 276
Custom Workflow Considerations 277
Extending SharePoint Designer 2007 Workflows 279
Deployment Configuration and Custom Workflows 280
Workflow Deployment Options 280
Workflows Deployed to a Document Library 281
Workflows and Document Libraries: Many to One 282
Workflow Naming Conventions 282
Workflows and Client Applications 283
Invoking Workflows: Clients 284
Security Considerations 285
Summary 286
Additional Resources 287
11 Branding and Customization 289
Overview of SharePoint Branding 290
Why Customize Branding? 290
Who Controls Branding? 291
What Method Should I Use? 291
Native Support for Branding 299
Branding with SharePoint Designer 2007 303
Branding Using Visual Studio 2005 306
Hybrid Approaches: SharePoint Designer and Visual Studio 309
Summary 310
Additional Resources 310
12 Web Parts, Features, and Solutions Management 311
Content and Infrastructure 312
Developer's Role in SharePoint 313
Environments 314
Development Environment 314
Test Environment 314
Test Environment Content Replication 316
Web Parts 318
Web Part Infrastructure 318
Web Part Manager 319
Web Part Zone 320
Editor Zone and Tool Parts 320
Web Parts 320
ASP.NET and Windows SharePoint Services 3.0 Web Parts 321
Legacy and ASP.NET Web Parts 321
Web Part Connections 322
Web Parts with User Controls 324
Web Part Verbs 324
Customization and Personalization with Web Parts 325
Web Part Execution Environments 327
Resource Locations 327
Features 328
Feature Element Types 328
Feature Events 332
Solutions 332
Cabinet Directive File (.ddf) 333
Solution Manifest File 334
Sample Web Part (Available Online) 337
Summary 337
Additional Resources 337
13 Creating and Managing Publishing Sites 339
Publishing Infrastructure and Publishing Features 340
Publishing Infrastructure 341
Publishing Feature 345
Portals and Publishing 347
Leveraging Publishing Sites 348
Document Center 349
News Site 349
Sites Directory 350
Choosing a Content Deployment Strategy 351
Authoring in Place with Approval 352
Publishing Tools 353
Document Conversions 356
Managing Master and Layout Pages 357
Search Considerations for Public Sites 363
Supporting Localization 363
Unique Language Sites 363
Variations 364
Summary 373
Additional Resources 374
14 Understanding and Implementing Microsoft Search Server 2008 375
Search Server 2008 Features and Benefits 375
Understanding OpenSearch Standards 379
OpenSearch Description Documents 380
OpenSearch Response Elements 388
totalResults Element 388
startIndex Element 389
itemsPerPage Element 389
Installing Search Server 2008 389
Preparing for the Installation 390
Other Information 391
Conducting the Installation 391
Administrating Search Server 2008 396
Building Federated Location Definition Files and Integrating Search Server 2008 with Live Search 401
Best Practices for Implementing Search Server 2008 406
Summary 409
Additional Resources 409
Part III: Deploying
15 Implementing an Optimal Search and Findability Topology 413
Findability: What Is It and Why Is It Important to You? 413
Information Overload 414
The Long Tail 417
Relevance, Precision, and Recall 418
What Are Users Really Seeking? 422
Taxonomies and Social Networks 425
Governance, Search, and Findability 426
Business Requirements and Search 427
Designing Crawl and Query Topologies 427
Scaling Out Your Index and Query Servers 427
When to Use the Federated Query Features 431
Findability Tools in SharePoint Server 2007 437
Findability Tools that Support Taxonomies and Push Needs for Administrators 438
Findability Tools that Support Social Networks and Pull Needs for Users 451
Summary 460
Additional Resources 460
16 Leveraging Shared Services Providers 461
What Shared Services Are Provided with SharePoint Server 2007? 462
Search 463
User Profiles 464
Published Links to Office Applications 466
Personalization Site Links 468
Audiences 470
My Sites 470
Excel Services 473
Business Data Catalog 473
Intra-Farm versus Inter-Farm Shared Services 474
Designing Intra-Farm Shared Services 475
Designing Inter-Farm Shared Services 476
Designing Shared Services 479
My Sites 479
Surfacing User Information via Profiles 481
Audience Targeting 484
SSPs in the Extranet 484
Geographically Dispersed Deployments 484
Regional My Site Providers 484
Search and Indexing 487
Summary 488
Additional Resources 488
17 Optimizing Information Security 489
Confidentiality 490
Information Classification 491
Content Types 491
Integrity 494
SharePoint Groups versus Active Directory Groups 494
Access Control and Permissions Levels 497
Authenticity 500
User Authentication 503
Code Access Security 504
Summary 513
Additional Resources 513
18 Business Intelligence and Reporting 515
The Microsoft BI Big Picture 517
BI Integration with SharePoint Server 2007 519
Core BI Features in SharePoint and Office 520
Excel 521
Excel Services 526
SharePoint Report Center 532
Business Data Catalog 539
BDC Web Parts 539
Creating Application Definition Files 541
Authentication and Security 543
BDC Columns 544
Summary 546
Additional Resources 546
19 Extending Business Intelligence 549
Reporting Services 549
How Does Reporting Services Work with SharePoint? 550
Integrating Reporting Services with SharePoint 552
SQL Server 2005 Reporting Services Native (Default) Mode 553
SQL Server 2005 Reporting Services SharePoint Integrated Mode 554
Reporting Services Content Types 558
Adding Reporting Services Content Types to Document Libraries 560
Reporting Services Web Parts 560
Other Reporting Services Features Within SharePoint 563
Data Source Configuration 564
Reporting Services, Authentication, and Data Sources 564
Report Model Configuration 565
Report File Configuration 567
Security Considerations 569
Securing Reporting Services—Native Mode and SharePoint Integrated Mode 570
Creating, Publishing, and Deploying Reports to SharePoint Sites 570
Reporting Against SharePoint Lists with Reporting Services 570
Use Visual Studio 2005 to Create and Author Reports 571
Authoring Reports with SQL Server 2005 Reporting Services Report Builder 575
Report Versioning 577
Distributed Server Environment Consideration 577
Running Reporting Services on a Domain Controller 578
PerformancePoint Server 2007 578
PerformancePoint Server 2007 Components in a Nutshell 579
Planning Administration Console 581
PerformancePoint Planning Server Operational and Business Reports Requirements 583
Planning Business Modeler 583
PerformancePoint Add-in for Excel 584
Dashboard Designer: Presenting PerformancePoint Server 2007 586
Working with Dashboard Designer 587
Dashboards 588
Configure Data Sources 589
Creating Reports 590
Excel Services Report 591
Reporting Services Reports 591
Strategy Map Reports 593
Using MDX Queries 594
KPIs 595
Security and Dashboard Designer 596
Deploying Dashboards to SharePoint Sites 598
Adding PerformancePoint Dashboard Items to SharePoint Sites 599
Interacting with Dashboards Within SharePoint Sites 600
Saving a Dashboard Designer Workspace 602
Business Intelligence Use Case Scenarios 604
Scorecards: Which Technology Works Best? 605
Summary 608
Additional Resources 609
20 Intranet, Extranet, and Internet Scenarios 611
Web Applications: The Foundation 613
Application Pool Best Practices 616
Content Database Best Practices 617
What's in a Zone? 623
Scenarios 625
Intranet Scenarios 626
Extranet Scenarios 631
Internet Scenarios 635
Summary 638
Additional Resources 639
Part IV: Operating
21 Data Protection, Recovery, and Availability 643
Planning for Recovery 644
What Are You Protecting? 645
Stakeholder Education 645
Service Level Agreements 646
Designing for High Availability 648
Fault Tolerance and High Availability 649
SQL Server 650
SharePoint Servers 654
Backup and Restore Strategies 661
Recovery Time Objective 661
Recovery Point Objective 662
Recovering Content 662
Web Applications 662
Shared Services Providers 664
Site Collections 665
Lists and Items 667
Recovering from Disasters 668
Summary 671
Additional Resources 670
22 Upgrading from SharePoint Portal Server 2003 to SharePoint Server 2007 673
Overview of the Four Migration Methods 675
In-Place Upgrade 675
Gradual Upgrade 676
Content Database Migration 678
User Copy 679
Pre-upgrade Tasks 681
Upgrading SQL and Office Platforms 681
SharePoint Tasks 682
Upgrading Customizations 695
Post-upgrade Tasks 697
Upgrading Shared Services 697
Shared Services in SharePoint Portal Server 2003 698
Combining Migration Methods 701
Upgrading Between Active Directory Forests 702
When to Use the Different Upgrade Methods 703
Summary 705
Additional Resources 705
23 Capacity Planning and Performance Monitoring 707
Capacity Planning 707
Software Configuration 708
Customization 709
Server and Network Hardware 710
Boundaries 710
Capacity Planning Solution Tool 717
Visual Studio 2008 Team Suite 722
Performance Monitoring 730
Perfmon.exe 735
System Center Operations Manager 2007 735
Summary 739
Additional Resources 739
Glossary 741
About the Authors 747
Index 751
© Microsoft. All Rights Reserved.