Microsoft Security Bulletin MS16-077 - Important
Security Update for WPAD (3165191)
Published: June 14, 2016 | Updated: August 9, 2016
Version: 1.3
Executive Summary
This security update resolves vulnerabilities in Microsoft Windows. The most severe of the vulnerabilities could allow elevation of privilege if the Web Proxy Auto Discovery (WPAD) protocol falls back to a vulnerable proxy discovery process on a target system.
This security update is rated Important for all supported releases of Microsoft Windows. For more information, see the Affected Software and Vulnerability Severity Ratings section.
The update addresses the vulnerabilities by correcting how Windows handles proxy discovery, and WPAD automatic proxy detection in Windows. For more information about the vulnerabilities, see the Vulnerability Information section.
For more information about this update, see Microsoft Knowledge Base Article 3165191.
Affected Software and Vulnerability Severity Ratings
The following software versions or editions are affected. Versions or editions that are not listed are either past their support life cycle or are not affected. To determine the support life cycle for your software version or edition, see Microsoft Support Lifecycle.
The severity ratings indicated for each affected software assume the potential maximum impact of the vulnerability. For information regarding the likelihood, within 30 days of this security bulletin’s release, of the exploitability of the vulnerability in relation to its severity rating and security impact, please see the Exploitability Index in the June bulletin summary.
| Operating System | Windows WPAD Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability - CVE-2016-3213 | Windows WPAD Proxy Discovery Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability - CVE-2016-3236 | NetBIOS Spoofing Vulnerability - CVE-2016-3299 | Updates Replaced* |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Windows Vista | ||||
| Windows Vista Service Pack 2 (3161949) | Important Elevation of Privilege | Important Elevation of Privilege | Important Elevation of Privilege | None |
| Windows Vista x64 Edition Service Pack 2 (3161949) | Important Elevation of Privilege | Important Elevation of Privilege | Important Elevation of Privilege | None |
| Windows Server 2008 | ||||
| Windows Server 2008 for 32-bit Systems Service Pack 2 (3161949) | Important Elevation of Privilege | Important Elevation of Privilege | Important Elevation of Privilege | None |
| Windows Server 2008 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 2 (3161949) | Important Elevation of Privilege | Important Elevation of Privilege | Important Elevation of Privilege | None |
| Windows Server 2008 for Itanium-based Systems Service Pack 2 (3161949) | Important Elevation of Privilege | Important Elevation of Privilege | Important Elevation of Privilege | None |
| Windows 7 | ||||
| Windows 7 for 32-bit Systems Service Pack 1 (3161949) | Important Elevation of Privilege | Important Elevation of Privilege | Important Elevation of Privilege | None |
| Windows 7 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 1 (3161949) | Important Elevation of Privilege | Important Elevation of Privilege | Important Elevation of Privilege | None |
| Windows Server 2008 R2 | ||||
| Windows Server 2008 R2 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 1 (3161949) | Important Elevation of Privilege | Important Elevation of Privilege | Important Elevation of Privilege | None |
| Windows Server 2008 R2 for Itanium-based Systems Service Pack 1 (3161949) | Important Elevation of Privilege | Important Elevation of Privilege | Important Elevation of Privilege | None |
| Windows 8.1 | ||||
| Windows 8.1 for 32-bit Systems (3161949) | Important Elevation of Privilege | Important Elevation of Privilege | Important Elevation of Privilege | None |
| Windows 8.1 for x64-based Systems (3161949) | Important Elevation of Privilege | Important Elevation of Privilege | Important Elevation of Privilege | None |
| Windows Server 2012 and Windows Server 2012 R2 | ||||
| Windows Server 2012 (3161949) | Important Elevation of Privilege | Important Elevation of Privilege | Important Elevation of Privilege | None |
| Windows Server 2012 R2 (3161949) | Important Elevation of Privilege | Important Elevation of Privilege | Important Elevation of Privilege | None |
| Windows RT 8.1 | ||||
| Windows RT 8.1[1](3161949) | Important Elevation of Privilege | Important Elevation of Privilege | Important Elevation of Privilege | None |
| Windows 10 | ||||
| Windows 10 for 32-bit Systems[2](3163017) | Important Elevation of Privilege | Important Elevation of Privilege | Important Elevation of Privilege | 3156387 |
| Windows 10 for x64-based Systems[2](3163017) | Important Elevation of Privilege | Important Elevation of Privilege | Important Elevation of Privilege | 3156387 |
| Windows 10 Version 1511 for 32-bit Systems[2](3163018) | Important Elevation of Privilege | Important Elevation of Privilege | Important Elevation of Privilege | 3156421 |
| Windows 10 Version 1511 for x64-based Systems[2](3163018) | Important Elevation of Privilege | Important Elevation of Privilege | Important Elevation of Privilege | 3156421 |
| Server Core installation option | ||||
| Windows Server 2008 for 32-bit Systems Service Pack 2 (Server Core installation) (3161949) | Important Elevation of Privilege | Important Elevation of Privilege | Important Elevation of Privilege | None |
| Windows Server 2008 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 2 (Server Core installation) (3161949) | Important Elevation of Privilege | Important Elevation of Privilege | Important Elevation of Privilege | None |
| Windows Server 2008 R2 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 1 (Server Core installation) (3161949) | Important Elevation of Privilege | Important Elevation of Privilege | Important Elevation of Privilege | None |
| Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation) (3161949) | Important Elevation of Privilege | Important Elevation of Privilege | Important Elevation of Privilege | None |
| Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation) (3161949) | Important Elevation of Privilege | Important Elevation of Privilege | Important Elevation of Privilege | None |
[1]This update is only available via Windows Update.
[2]Windows 10 updates are cumulative. The monthly security release includes all security fixes for vulnerabilities that affect Windows 10, in addition to non-security updates. The updates are available via the Microsoft Update Catalog.
Note Windows Server 2016 Technical Preview 5 is affected. Customers running this operating system are encouraged to apply the update, which is available via Windows Update.
*The Updates Replaced column shows only the latest update in any chain of superseded updates. For a comprehensive list of updates replaced, go to the Microsoft Update Catalog, search for the update KB number, and then view update details (updates replaced information is provided on the Package Details tab).
Update FAQ
Are there any further steps I need to carry out to be protected from CVE-2016-3213 described in this bulletin? Yes. It is important to note that the security update described in this bulletin for CVE-2016-3213 does not fully protect your system. You must also install the cumulative update 3160005 in MS16-063 to be fully protected from this vulnerability.
Are there any behavior changes that I should be aware of after installing this update? Yes. This update changes the behavior of Auto Proxy Detection and NetBIOS, which may affect various scenarios, such as SMB, WPAD-based proxy detection, and so on. For more information, see Microsoft Knowledge Base Article 3165191.
Vulnerability Information
Windows WPAD Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability - CVE-2016-3213
An elevation of privilege vulnerability exists in Microsoft Windows when the Web Proxy Auto Discovery (WPAD) protocol falls back to a vulnerable proxy discovery process. An attacker who successfully exploited this vulnerability could bypass security and gain elevated privileges on a targeted system.
To exploit the vulnerability, an attacker could respond to NetBIOS name requests for WPAD. The update addresses the vulnerability by correcting how Windows handles proxy discovery.
The following table contains links to the standard entry for each vulnerability in the Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures list:
| Vulnerability Title | CVE number | Publicly disclosed | Exploited |
|---|---|---|---|
| Windows WPAD Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability | CVE-2016-3213 | No | No |
Mitigating Factors
Microsoft has not identified any mitigating factors for this vulnerability.
Workarounds
The following workarounds may be helpful in your situation.
Disable WINS/NetBT name resolution
Open Network Connections.
Click the Local Area Connection to be statically configured, and then from the File menu, click Properties.
In the list of components, click Internet Protocol (TCP/IP), and then click Properties.
Click Advanced, click the WINS tab, and then click Disable NetBIOS over TCP/IP.
Optionally, you can select the Use NetBIOS setting on the DHCP server if you are using a DHCP server that can selectively enable and disable NetBIOS configuration through DHCP option types.
Stop WPAD using a host file entry
- Open the host file located at following location as an administrator: %systemdrive%\Windows\System32\Drivers\etc\hosts
- Create the following entry for WPAD in the host file: 255.255.255.255 wpad.
Impact of workaround. Autoproxy discovery will not work, and for this reason, some applications, such as Internet Explorer, will not be able to load websites properly.
**How to undo the workaround. **
- Open the host file located at following location as an administrator: %systemdrive%\Windows\System32\Drivers\etc\hosts
- Remove the following entry for WPAD in the host file: 255.255.255.255 wpad.
Windows WPAD Proxy Discovery Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability - CVE-2016-3236
An elevation of privilege vulnerability exists when Microsoft Windows improperly handles certain proxy discovery scenarios using the Web Proxy Auto Discovery (WPAD) protocol method. An attacker who successfully exploited the vulnerability could potentially access and control network traffic for which the attacker does not have sufficient privileges. The update addresses the vulnerability by correcting WPAD automatic proxy detection in Windows.
The following table contains links to the standard entry for each vulnerability in the Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures list:
| Vulnerability Title | CVE number | Publicly disclosed | Exploited |
|---|---|---|---|
| Windows WPAD Proxy Discovery Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability | CVE-2016-3236 | Yes | No |
Mitigating Factors
Microsoft has not identified any mitigating factors for this vulnerability.
Workarounds
The following workarounds may be helpful in your situation.
Stop WPAD using a host file entry
- Open the host file located at following location as an administrator: %systemdrive%\Windows\System32\Drivers\etc\hosts
- Create the following entry for WPAD in the host file: 255.255.255.255 wpad.
Impact of workaround. Autoproxy discovery will not work, and for this reason, some applications, such as Internet Explorer, will not be able to load websites properly.
**How to undo the workaround. **
- Open the host file located at following location as an administrator: %systemdrive%\Windows\System32\Drivers\etc\hosts
- Remove the following entry for WPAD in the host file: 255.255.255.255 wpad.
** **
NetBIOS Spoofing Vulnerability - CVE-2016-3299
A spoofing vulnerability that could allow elevated privileges exists in Microsoft Windows when NetBIOS improperly handles responses. An attacker who successfully exploited the vulnerability could use it to hijack network traffic or render untrusted content in a browser outside of Enhanced Protected Mode (EPM) or an application container.
To exploit the vulnerability, an attacker whose system is joined to a local network could trick a user into believing that the attacker's system is a trusted network device. The update addresses the vulnerability by updating how NetBIOS validates responses.
| Vulnerability Title | CVE number | Publicly disclosed | Exploited |
|---|---|---|---|
| NetBIOS Spoofing Vulnerability | CVE-2016-3299 | No | No |
Mitigating Factors
Microsoft has not identified any mitigating factors for this vulnerability.
Workarounds
Microsoft has not identified any workarounds for this vulnerability.
Security Update Deployment
For Security Update Deployment information, see the Microsoft Knowledge Base article referenced in the Executive Summary.
Acknowledgments
Microsoft recognizes the efforts of those in the security community who help us protect customers through coordinated vulnerability disclosure. See Acknowledgments for more information.
Disclaimer
The information provided in the Microsoft Knowledge Base is provided "as is" without warranty of any kind. Microsoft disclaims all warranties, either express or implied, including the warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. In no event shall Microsoft Corporation or its suppliers be liable for any damages whatsoever including direct, indirect, incidental, consequential, loss of business profits or special damages, even if Microsoft Corporation or its suppliers have been advised of the possibility of such damages. Some states do not allow the exclusion or limitation of liability for consequential or incidental damages so the foregoing limitation may not apply.
Revisions
- V1.0 (June 14, 2016): Bulletin published.
- V1.1 (June 22, 2016): Bulletin revised to add an Update FAQ on behavior changes to be aware of after installing this update. This is an informational change only.
- V1.2 (July 13, 2016): Bulletin revised to correct the workarounds for CVE-2016-3213 and CVE-2016-3236. This is an informational change only. Customers who have successfully installed the updates do not need to take any further action.
- V1.3 (August 09, 2016): Bulletin revised to include an additional vulnerability, CVE-2016-3299. This is an informational change only. Customers who have successfully installed the updates do not need to take any further action.
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