Executing an Updategram by Using ADO (SQLXML 4.0)

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This Microsoft Visual Basic application uses ADO to establish a connection to an instance of Microsoft SQL Server and execute an updategram. The updategram updates the last name of a specific employee. This example uses the AdventureWorks sample database in SQL Server 2005.

In this sample application:

  • The conn object (ADODB.Connection) establishes a connection to a running instance of SQL Server on a specific server computer.
  • The cmd object (ADODB.Command) executes on the established connection.
  • The command dialect is set to DBGUID_MSSQLXML.
  • The updategram is copied to the command stream (strmIn).
  • The command's output stream is set to the StrmOut object (ADODB.Stream) to receive any returned data.
  • Finally the command (updategram) is executed.

Here is the sample code:

Private Sub Form_Load()

  Dim cmd As New ADODB.Command
  Dim conn As New ADODB.Connection
  Dim strmIn As New ADODB.Stream
  Dim strmOut As New ADODB.Stream
  Dim SQLxml As String

  ' Open a connection to the instance of SQL Server.
  conn.Provider = "SQLOLEDB"
  conn.Open "server=(local); database=AdventureWorks; Integrated Security=SSPI; "
  conn.Properties("SQLXML Version") = "SQLXML.4.0"
  Set cmd.ActiveConnection = conn

  ' Build the command string in the form of an XML template.
    SQLxml = "<ROOT xmlns:updg='urn:schemas-microsoft-com:xml-updategram' >"
    SQLxml = SQLxml & "  <updg:sync updg:nullvalue='IsNULL'>"
    SQLxml = SQLxml & "    <updg:before>"
    SQLxml = SQLxml & "       <Person.Contact ContactID='64' Title='IsNULL'/>"
    SQLxml = SQLxml & "    </updg:before>"
    SQLxml = SQLxml & "    <updg:after>"
    SQLxml = SQLxml & "       <Person.Contact ContactID='64' Title='Mr.'/>"
    SQLxml = SQLxml & "    </updg:after>"
    SQLxml = SQLxml & "  </updg:sync>"
    SQLxml = SQLxml & "</ROOT>"

  ' Set the command dialect to DBGUID_MSSQLXML.
  cmd.Dialect = "{5d531cb2-e6ed-11d2-b252-00c04f681b71}"

  ' Open the command stream and write our template to it.
  strmIn.Open
  strmIn.WriteText SQLxml
  strmIn.Position = 0

  Set cmd.CommandStream = strmIn

  ' Execute the command, open the return stream, and read the result.
  strmOut.Open
  strmOut.LineSeparator = adCRLF
  cmd.Properties("Output Stream").Value = strmOut
  cmd.Properties("Output Encoding").Value = "UTF-8"
  cmd.Execute , , adExecuteStream
  strmOut.Position = 0
  Debug.Print strmOut.ReadText
  strmOut.Close
  strmIn.Close

End Sub

[!참고] If you're using SQLXML from ADO to execute updategrams that specify an XSD schema, you must set the "SQLXML Version" property to "SQLXML.4.0" on the connection object, as shown in the following example line of code:

conn.Properties("SQLXML Version") = "SQLXML.4.0"

Specifying a Mapping Schema for the Updategram

This example illustrates how to specify and use a mapping schema in an updategram.

Save the following XSD schema (EmpSchema.xml) to your disk, and be sure to update the path that is specified in the code to the location of the mapping schema on your disk. The code assumes that the schema is saved on the C: drive in the Schemas folder.

<xsd:schema xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
            xmlns:sql="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:mapping-schema">
  <xsd:element name="Contact" sql:relation="Person.Contact" >
   <xsd:complexType>
        <xsd:attribute name="CID"  
                       sql:field="ContactID" 
                       type="xsd:string" /> 
        <xsd:attribute name="MName"  
                       sql:field="MiddleName"  
                       type="xsd:string" />
    </xsd:complexType>
  </xsd:element>
</xsd:schema>

Because both XSD and XDR schemas can be specified, this is the equivalent XDR schema:

<?xml version="1.0" ?>
   <Schema xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:xml-data" 
         xmlns:dt="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:datatypes" 
         xmlns:sql="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:xml-sql">
     <ElementType name="Contact" sql:relation="Person.Contact" >
       <AttributeType name="CID" />
       <AttributeType name="MName" />

       <attribute type="CID" sql:field="ContactID" />
       <attribute type="MName" sql:field="MiddleName" />
     </ElementType>
   </Schema>

This is the Visual Basic code to execute an updategram that has an associated mapping schema. The updategram updates the middle name for contact 1 in the Person.Contact table.

Private Sub Form_Load()
    Dim cmd As New ADODB.Command
    Dim conn As New ADODB.Connection
    Dim strmIn As New ADODB.Stream
    Dim strmOut As New ADODB.Stream

    ' Open a connection to the SQL Server.
    conn.Provider = "SQLOLEDB"
    conn.Open "server=(local); database=AdventureWorks; Integrated Security='SSPI' ;"
    conn.Properties("SQLXML Version") = "SQLXML.4.0"
    Set cmd.ActiveConnection = conn
    
    ' Open the command stream and write the template to it.
    strmIn.Open
    strmIn.WriteText "<ROOT xmlns:updg='urn:schemas-microsoft-com:xml-updategram' >"
    strmIn.WriteText "  <updg:sync mapping-schema='C:\Schemas\EmpSchema.xml' >"
    strmIn.WriteText "      <updg:before>"
    strmIn.WriteText "          <Contact CID='1' />"
    strmIn.WriteText "      </updg:before>"
    strmIn.WriteText "      <updg:after>"
    strmIn.WriteText "          <Contact MName='M.'/>"
    strmIn.WriteText "      </updg:after>"
    strmIn.WriteText "  </updg:sync>"
    strmIn.WriteText "</ROOT>"
    
    ' Set the command dialect to XML.
    cmd.Dialect = "{5d531cb2-e6ed-11d2-b252-00c04f681b71}"
    strmIn.Position = 0
    Set cmd.CommandStream = strmIn
 
    ' Execute the command, open the return stream, and read the result.
    strmOut.Open
    strmOut.LineSeparator = adCRLF
    cmd.Properties("Output Stream").Value = strmOut
    cmd.Execute , , adExecuteStream
    strmOut.Position = 0
    Debug.Print strmOut.ReadText
    strmOut.Close
    strmIn.Close
    conn.Close
End Sub

Passing Parameters

In the Visual Basic applications provided earlier, parameters are not passed. In this application, the ContactID and MiddleName values are passed as parameterized input to the updategram.

Private Sub Form_Load()
  
  Dim cmd As New ADODB.Command
  Dim conn As New ADODB.Connection
  Dim strmIn As New ADODB.Stream
  Dim strmOut As New ADODB.Stream
  Dim InputContactID As String
  Dim InputMiddleName As String

  InputContactID = "1"
  InputMiddleName = "Q."

  ' Open a connection to the instance of SQL Server.
  conn.Provider = "SQLOLEDB"
  conn.Open "server=(local); database=AdventureWorks; Integrated Security=SSPI; "
  conn.Properties("SQLXML Version") = "SQLXML.4.0"
  Set cmd.ActiveConnection = conn

  ' Build the command string in the form of an XML template.
  SQLxml = "<ROOT xmlns:updg='urn:schemas-microsoft-com:xml-updategram' >"
  SQLxml = SQLxml & "<updg:header>"
  SQLxml = SQLxml & "<updg:param name='ContactID'/>"
  SQLxml = SQLxml & "<updg:param name='MiddleName' />"
  SQLxml = SQLxml & "</updg:header>"
  SQLxml = SQLxml & "<updg:sync >"
  SQLxml = SQLxml & " <updg:before>"
  SQLxml = SQLxml & "   <Person.Contact ContactID='$ContactID' />"
  SQLxml = SQLxml & "</updg:before>"
  SQLxml = SQLxml & "<updg:after>"
  SQLxml = SQLxml & "<Person.Contact MiddleName='$MiddleName' />"
  SQLxml = SQLxml & "</updg:after>"
  SQLxml = SQLxml & "</updg:sync>"
  SQLxml = SQLxml & "</ROOT>"

  ' Set the command dialect to XML.
  cmd.Dialect = "{5d531cb2-e6ed-11d2-b252-00c04f681b71}"

  ' Open the command stream and write the template to it.
  strmIn.Open
  strmIn.WriteText SQLxml
  strmIn.Position = 0

  Set cmd.CommandStream = strmIn

  ' Execute the command, open the return stream, and read the result.
  strmOut.Open
  strmOut.LineSeparator = adCRLF
  cmd.NamedParameters = True
  cmd.Parameters.Append cmd.CreateParameter("@ContactID", adBSTR, adParamInput, 1, InputContactID)
  cmd.Parameters.Append cmd.CreateParameter("@MiddleName", adBSTR, adParamInput, 7, InputMiddleName)
  cmd.Properties("Output Stream").Value = strmOut
  cmd.Execute , , adExecuteStream
  strmOut.Position = 0
  Debug.Print strmOut.ReadText

End Sub